Copper Alloy
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Copper combined with tin (bronze), zinc (brass), or other elements to improve corrosion resistance, conductivity, or machinability.
Copper alloys encompass brasses (Cu-Zn), bronzes (Cu-Sn and variants), and copper-nickel alloys, each family offering a unique combination of electrical/thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, antimicrobial properties, and aesthetic appeal. Copper's 10,000-year history makes it humanity's oldest engineered metal.
Designation Guide
UNS C1xxxx–C4xxxx covers wrought copper and brass. C5xxxx designates phosphor bronzes, C6xxxx covers aluminum bronzes and silicon bronzes, and C7xxxx is copper-nickel. Cast alloys use C8xxxx–C9xxxx. Common shorthand: C260 (cartridge brass, 70Cu-30Zn), C360 (free-cutting brass), C510 (phosphor bronze), C630 (aluminum bronze), C715 (70Cu-30Ni).
Selection Tips
For electrical conductivity, start with C110 (oxygen-free high conductivity copper, 101% IACS). For plumbing and screw machine parts, C360 free-cutting brass offers excellent machinability. In marine environments, C715 (70/30 copper-nickel) resists seawater and biofouling. For heavy-duty bearings and bushings, C932 (SAE 660) tin bronze is the proven choice. Aluminum bronze C630 provides exceptional wear and corrosion resistance for pumps and valves.
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