Galvanic Corrosion

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Corrosion & Protection

Definition

An electrochemical process in which one metal corrodes preferentially when it is in electrical contact with a more noble (less active) metal in the presence of an electrolyte. The less noble metal acts as the anode and corrodes.

Detailed Explanation

The tendency of a metal to act as an anode is determined by its position in the galvanic series: active metals such as zinc and magnesium corrode when coupled with noble metals like copper or stainless steel. The severity of galvanic corrosion increases with the difference in potential between the two metals and the area ratio of cathode to anode—a small anode and large cathode is the most damaging combination. Galvanic isolation through paint coatings, sealants, or plastic spacers is used to prevent this form of corrosion in dissimilar metal assemblies.