Phase Diagram

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Metallurgy Fundamentals

Definition

A graphical representation showing the stable phases present in an alloy system as a function of composition, temperature, and pressure. It is an essential tool for understanding solidification, phase transformations, and heat treatment design.

Detailed Explanation

The iron-carbon binary phase diagram is the most important in ferrous metallurgy, showing the stability fields of ferrite, austenite, cementite, and the key points such as the eutectoid at 0.76 wt% C and 727°C. Multicomponent phase diagrams for industrial alloys are complex; CALPHAD computational methods are used to calculate and predict equilibrium phase fractions and compositions. Tie lines and lever rule calculations allow the determination of phase compositions and amounts at any point within a two-phase region.