Magnetic Permeability

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Physical Properties

Definition

A measure of a material's ability to support the formation of a magnetic field within itself, indicating how strongly it responds to an applied magnetic field. Ferromagnetic metals like iron and nickel have high permeability.

Detailed Explanation

Austenitic stainless steels (e.g., 304, 316) are generally non-magnetic in the annealed state due to their face-centered cubic structure, whereas ferritic and martensitic grades are magnetic. Magnetic permeability is important in transformer cores, electric motor laminations, and electromagnetic shielding applications. Cold working can induce martensite in austenitic steels, increasing their magnetic response.