Intermetallic Compound
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Composition & Alloying
Definition
A compound formed between two or more metallic elements with a fixed stoichiometric ratio and distinct crystal structure different from its constituent metals. Intermetallics are generally hard and brittle.
Detailed Explanation
Fe₃C (cementite) in steel and Ni₃Al (gamma prime) in nickel superalloys are classic intermetallics that strengthen the alloy through precipitation hardening. While intermetallics can dramatically increase hardness and high-temperature strength, they also reduce ductility and toughness. Controlled precipitation of fine intermetallic particles is the basis of age-hardening treatments in aluminum and titanium alloys.