Stress Corrosion Cracking
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Corrosion & Protection
Definition
A failure mechanism involving the simultaneous action of a corrosive environment and sustained tensile stress, leading to crack initiation and propagation at stress levels below the material's yield strength.
Detailed Explanation
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is highly material- and environment-specific: austenitic stainless steels are susceptible to SCC in chloride environments, while brass is attacked by ammonia (season cracking). The cracks typically propagate intergranularly or transgranularly and can be catastrophic because they grow without significant plastic deformation or visible warning. Prevention strategies include reducing tensile stress (shot peening, stress relief), selecting resistant alloys, or eliminating the corrosive species.