Density
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Physical Properties
Definition
The mass per unit volume of a material, typically expressed in g/cm³ or kg/m³. Density is a fundamental intrinsic property that determines the weight of structural components.
Detailed Explanation
Steel has a density of about 7.85 g/cm³, aluminum alloys around 2.7 g/cm³, and titanium alloys approximately 4.5 g/cm³. Lightweight structural metals such as magnesium (~1.74 g/cm³) are valued in aerospace and automotive applications where weight reduction is critical. Density directly affects the specific strength (strength-to-weight ratio) used for comparative material selection.